Sunday, October 28, 2012

Important disorders of Lipid Metabolism


Sr.no.DiseaseBiochemical DefectInheritanceClinical ManifestationsLab. DiagnosisTreatment
1.Refsum diseaseThere is deficiency of phytanic acid oxidase enzyme.Characterized biochemically by the accumulation of phytanic acid in plasma and tissues.Autosomal recessiveThe disease is characterized by night blindness, loss of smell, deafness, muscle weakness and development of dysmorphic features in children.-Serum total cholesterol, HDL and LDL are moderately reduced. -Blood phytanic acid levels are elevated. -Phytanic oxidase activity estimation in skin fibroblast cultures is diagnostic.Eliminate all sources of chlorophyll from diet.Plasmapheresis is needed to remove Phytanic acid from blood.
2.Zellwegar syndromeZellwegar syndrome is characterized by an individual’s inability to beta-oxidize very-long chain fatty acids in the Peroxisomes of the cell, due to a genetic disorder in one of the several genes involved with peroxisome biogenesis.
Zellwegar syndrome is the most severe of the PBDs(Peroxisome biogenesis Syndrome 
Autosomal RecessiveSymptoms at birth may include a lack of muscle tone, an inability to move and glaucoma.
Other symptoms may includeunusual facial characteristics, mental retardation, seizures, and an inability to suck and/or swallow. Jaundice and gastrointestinal bleeding mayalso occur. More than 90% growth failure.

The abnormallyhigh levels of VLCFA ( Very long chain fatty acids ), are most diagnostic.There is no cure for Zellwegar syndrome, nor is there a standard course of treatment. 
Most treatments are symptomatic and supportive.



------------------------------------------ Best Wishes: Dr.Ehab Aboueladab, Tel:01007834123 Email:ehab10f@gmail.com,ehababoueladab@yahoo.com ------------------------------------------

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